When the human body develops conditions that are abnormal, there is a need to restore normalcy and medications are required.
A medication is a substance that is taken into or placed on the body to treat medical conditions. The question comes. How do Medications work?
Firstly, there are various ways medication enters the body to effect its potential. Here are some of the different routes:
Oral: when medications are taken by mouth, in pill, capsule or liquid form, they are swallowed and pass into the digestive system. The medications are then broken down in either the stomach or the intestines and are absorbed in the same way as food.
They then pass through the liver before entering the bloodstream. Once a medication enters the bloodstream, it circulates to the site where its action is needed.
Nasal (into the nose), buccal (placed in the cheek) and sublingual (placed under the tongue): Medications are absorbed through the thin mucous membrane that lines the inside of the nose and mouth and enters the bloodstream in this way.
Transdermal (through the skin) medications are applied to the skin either by patch or in creams or lotions and pass through the skin into the blood vessels.
How Medications Affect You
A medication may have several types of effects on your body in the sense that taking several doses in a day can result to adverse effect compare to having a single dose as a combination therapy. Examples of such drugs with total patients’ compliance which also give the desire effects as single doses are Hyperex-SR (antiulcer) Simlo5 and Tramitz-H (both antihypertensive drugs) are products of Leotetra.
- Desired Effect: This is also called the therapeutic effect. It is when the medication is doing what it is supposed to do.
- Side Effect: Almost all medications that have a systemic effect on the body will cause side effects. Some medications that have a localized effect on the body can also cause side effects. Side effects are the symptoms that result from a normal dose of a medication. Most side effects are not serious and some may decrease as the body becomes used to a medication.
- Tolerance and Dependence: Medication tolerance can happen when, over time or with repeated dosages, the individual’s response to the medication is decreased. For example: Certain medications that are taken for a long time can cause the body to adapt to them. Tolerance is good when it means that the body has adapted to the minor side effects of the medications. Tolerance can be a problem if it makes the medication less effective so that a higher dose of the medication is needed. Medication dependence is when an individual develops a physical or psychological need for a medication. For example: People who take laxatives for a long time can become physically dependent on the laxatives in order to have a bowel movement because the body loses the ability to work without it.
- Interactions: Interactions can occur between medications or between medications and food. For example: Two or more medications given together can produce a stronger response. Sometimes this is intended, and purposely ordered by the health care provider. Other times, it is not intended and can be harmful.
- No Apparent Effect: This happens when the medication is not showing apparent effect (that it is not working) because the individual’s symptoms have not improved or gone away.
- Parodoxical Effects: Sometimes medications work in an opposite way. This is called a paradoxical effect. For example: Diphenhydramine usually causes a person to become tired or drowsy. An example of a paradoxical effect to diphenhydramine might be that the individual becomes hyperactive or agitated.
Medications are very important as they provide solutions to medical conditions affecting individuals. It could range from, easing pain, curing an infection, controlling blood sugar, lowering blood pressure. It is important to adhere to the routes of ingestion and observe the effects they have on you to get the best from it.
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